Installation Cookbooks: Installing Oracle9i - Page 2

December 30, 2003

Installation Guide for Oracle Relational Database Management System

Enterprise Edition, Version 9.2.0.1.0, Release 2, for Sun SPARC Solaris

Introduction

This document guides you through installing the server components of Oracle9i, Version 9.2.0.1.0, Release 2 on the Solaris 8 operating system. The installation is performed using Oracle's Oracle Universal Installer (OUI), a GUI-based tool similar to the OUI for Oracle8i and other Oracle products. This guide takes you through the pre-installation, installation, and post-installation tasks referenced in the Oracle9i Installation Guide dated May 2002 (Oracle Part No. A96167-01).

The following conventions are used in this installation guide:

• oracle9 is the UNIX account owner of the Oracle 9.2.0.1 files
• oracle9 belongs to two groups - oinstall and dba (dba is the primary group)
• apache is the name of owner of the Apache server, and apache is in the oinstall group. By default, the Apache server is installed along with the Oracle9i program files. Refer to http://httpd.apache.org for more information about the Apache web server and to Oracle documentation on applications that require the Apache server. Apache-related processes will start during the installation, and you will be directed to stop them later on in this guide.
• The home directory created/used for oracle9 is /opt2/ora9201
• The ORACLE_HOME path used in examples is /opt2/ora9201/app/oracle/product/9.2.0.1
• ORACLE_HOME for oracle9 is separate from any other ORACLE_HOME
• ORACLE_HOME and the UNIX home directory for oracle9 is not the same thing. The home directory is where oracle9's .cshrc file is located and is the working directory when oracle9 first logs in. ORACLE_HOME refers to the directory path structure where Oracle 9.2.0.1 files are located.
• Text in courier, such as "cd $ORACLE_HOME" is text you explicitly type or enter, or identifies explicit values or names, such as the UNIX user "root."
• <...> = anything between the angle brackets is user-supplied and varies from user to user. "#" represents the UNIX prompt on your workstation. "SQL>" is the SQL*Plus prompt on your workstation.
• <mnt_pt> is a mount point where the start of the Oracle installation tree begins (e.g., /opt2/ora9201)
• Oracle automatically creates a seed database when using the options you will be selecting later on. The db_name parameter used in this guide is test. This database can be deleted after the installation is complete.
• All instructions to edit a file refer to using a text editor such as vi.
• For installation on versions of Solaris 8 prior to February 2002, a patch cluster from Sun must be downloaded and installed prior to installing Oracle9i. The instructions for doing this are also covered in this guide.

More information can be found in the documents listed below:

• Oracle9i Installation Guide, Release 2 (9.2.0.1.0) for UNIX Systems: AIX-Based Systems, Compaq Tru64 UNIX, HP 9000 Series HP-UX, Linux Intel and Sun Solaris, dated May 2002 (Oracle Part No. A96167-01), and
• Oracle9i Release Notes, Release 2 (9.2.0.1.0) for Sun Solaris (64-bit), dated May 2002 (Oracle Part No. A97347-01).

System Requirements

The list below details the system requirements.

64-bit Support: As root, execute isainfo -v at a UNIX prompt. If you see the following output, your server supports 64-bit in addition to 32-bit applications.

	64-bit sparcv9 applications
	32-bit sparc applications

If you do not see the 64-bit line or receive a "Command not found" error, contact your UNIX system administrator and verify your intended server is 64-bit enabled.

Memory: 512MB of RAM to install the Oracle9i Server. To determine the memory on your workstation, see the example below:

	# /usr/sbin/prtconf | grep "Memory"
	Memory size: 512 Megabytes

Swap Space: amount of disk space equal to the system's physical memory, or 1GB, whichever is greater. df -k | grep swap will show available swap space in kilobytes (swap space may be on more than one device/disk).

Disk Space: 3.5GB for database software and 1GB for the seed database created during installation. Create the seed database as a means of confirming the Oracle program files work. If you do not want to keep it, delete the seed database to recapture the disk space.

Temporary Disk Space: Up to 400MB available in the /tmp directory or other location identified via environment variables (TEMP, TMPDIR). Execute df -k | grep tmp at a UNIX prompt to see how much space is available.

Operating System: This install guide covers the installation of Oracle9i only on Solaris 8. Execute uname -a at a UNIX prompt to verify the OS version (look for the "5.8" value).

Operating System Packages: The following OS packages must be installed.

Execute pkginfo -i <package name> at a UNIX prompt to see if a package has been installed. If a package has not been installed, contact your UNIX system administrator for assistance.

	SUNWarc     SUNWbtool   SUNWhea     SUNWlibm
	SUNWlibms   SUNWsprot   SUNWtoo

Font packages required for Java are SUNWilof (i-one-o-f, not i-"ell"-o-f) and SUNWxwfnt.

Required Executables: The following executables must be present in the /usr/ccs/bin directory: make, ar, ld, and nm.

CD-ROM Drive: You must have a CD-ROM drive capable of reading CD-ROM disks in the ISO 9660 format with RockRidge extensions (if you have successfully installed other Oracle products in the past with the CD-ROM drive you are planning to use for the installation of Oracle9i, then your drive meets this requirement).

Files edited or modified by the UNIX users root and oracle9

Kernel Parameters: Oracle9i requires certain kernel parameters to be modified, and the parameters are found in the /etc/system file. As root, make a backup copy of this file before making any changes. Add or modify the following parameters, using any higher values if they already exist on your system. These settings can be placed at the end of the file.

	set semsys:seminfo_semmni=100
	set semsys:seminfo_semmns=1024
	set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=256
	set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=4294967295
	set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1
	set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=100
	set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=10

Port Designation: You may need to add an entry to the /etc/services file to reserve a port number (1521) regularly used by Oracle. If the entry is required, it looks like the line below (where listener_name is the name of the listener, which probably is listener ("listener" is the default name).

	listener    1521/tcp    #Oracle 	Net listener

As root at a UNIX prompt, execute reboot to reboot your system.

If this installation is the only installation of Oracle database program files on your server or machine, you will need to create two UNIX groups: oinstall and dba. A UNIX account called oracle9 will be the owner of the Oracle program files, and will have dba as its primary group.

Even if you have other Oracle products (such as Oracle 8.1.6 or Developer 6.0) installed on your system, you need to create the owner of the Oracle 9.2.0.1 program files, and this UNIX account will be named oracle9 and have dba as its primary group (assuming dba already exists). Add the UNIX user oracle9 to the dba and oinstall groups in the /etc/group file. The owner of the Oracle 8.1.6 program files (or other Oracle products) may be called oracle8. It is important you do not use the same UNIX account name for the Oracle9i program files. Having and using different UNIX accounts helps differentiate who you are and what you can do with respect to the program files. For example, your Oracle 8.1.6 user called oracle8 should not remove any Oracle 9.2.0.1 program files owned by oracle9, and vice versa.

Create a user called apache and assign apache to the apache and oinstall groups.

(Optional) If you are installing Forms & Reports 6i after the 9i installation is complete, you can create the 6i owner now. Otherwise, ignore the references to oradev6.

To add a user, you can use the admintool utility or manually enter the information (while logged in as root) into the /etc/passwd and /etc/group files. You may need to change the permissions on the passwd file so it becomes editable (chmod 644 /etc/passwd). The line entries to create oracle9 and the user called apache would look like this:

	oracle9:x:<id #>:<group #>::<home directory>:<startup shell>
	oradev6:x:<id #>:<group #>::<home directory>:<startup shell>
	apache:x:<id #>:<group #>::<home directory>:<startup shell>

As an example -

	oracle9:x:102:20002::/opt2/ora9201:/bin/csh
	oradev6:x:104:20002::/opt1/ora6i:/bin/csh
	apache:x:103:20001::/opt2/apache:/bin/csh

The line entries in /etc/group would look like this:

	oinstall::20001:oracle9,apache,oracle8,oradev6 
	dba::20002:oracle9,oradev6
	apache::20003:apache

When all changes have been made, execute pwconv as root at a UNIX prompt. Create the mount point, establish a location for the starter database datafiles, and assign ownership for oracle9 by entering the following commands:

	# mkdir -p /opt2/ora9201
	# mkdir -p /opt2/oradata
	# mkdir -p /opt2/apache
	# mkdir -p /opt1/ora6i
	# chown oracle9:dba /opt2/ora9201
	# chown oracle9:dba /opt2/oradata
	# chown apache:apache /opt2/apache
	# chown oradev6:dba /opt1/ora6i

Log in as oracle9. Your file system may generate a default set of files (.cshrc, etc.) in the oracle9 home directory. If not, you can copy the .cshrc file from another Oracle account and edit it to reflect the settings you need for oracle9.

Using a text editor such as vi, edit the .cshrc file for oracle9. Modify the file so that the following settings and environment variables are set, and source the file (source .cshrc) when finished with the editing.

	umask 022
	setenv DISPLAY <your machine name>:0.0
	setenv ORACLE_TERM sun5
	setenv ORACLE_SID <name of your Oracle instance>
	setenv ORACLE_BASE /<mnt_pt>/app/oracle would be
	setenv ORACLE_BASE /opt2/ora9201/app/oracle
	setenv ORACLE_HOME $ORACLE_BASE/product/9.2.0.1
	setenv ORACLE_PATH $ORACLE_HOME/bin
	setenv CLASSPATH $ORACLE_HOME/JRE
	setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH $ORACLE_HOME/lib
	setenv TNS_ADMIN <location> 
	  (used if Oracle Net configuration files are not in any of the default locations)
	setenv PATH <should include $ORACLE_PATH, /usr/ccs/bin, 
	             /usr/bin, /etc, /usr/openwin, /usr/local/bin and .>