>>Script Language and Platform: Oracle
This script performs bitwise math and masking operations on numbers. Performs the bitwise operations “AND”, “OR”, “XOR” and “NOT”; Turns a mask of bits ON or OFF in a larger array of bits; Tests whether a number is a “single bit” number; Tests whether a mask of bits is ON in a larger array of bits.
Author: Michael Donnelly
—
— This script is (c) 2004 Michael V. Donnelly
—
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE bitwise
IS
— This function is the same as the Oracle SQL Function BITAND
— Example:
—
— BIT_AND(4,8) = 0
—
FUNCTION BIT_AND
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function implements the bitwise OR function
— Example:
—
— BIT_OR(4,8) = 12
—
FUNCTION BIT_OR
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function implements the bitwise XOR function
— Example:
—
— BIT_XOR(2,6) = 4
—
FUNCTION BIT_XOR
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function ensures that the bit(s) in param2 are “On” in
— param1, regardless of whether they were on or off to begin
— with. This is equivalent to the bit_or() function, but
— is included because it is conceptually distinct.
FUNCTION TURN_BITS_ON
( bitarray IN NUMBER,
mask IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function ensures that the bit(s) in param2 are “Off” in
— param1, regardless of whether they were on or off to begin
— with. This is equivalent to performing a bit_or to ensure
— that the bits are “On” and then performing a bit_xor on the
— result, to ensure that the bits are now off.
FUNCTION TURN_BITS_OFF
( bitarray IN NUMBER,
mask IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function implements the bitwise NOT function
— ‘length’ indicates the size of a bit array.
— Example:
—
— length = 4
— array = 1111 (15)
— BIT_NOT(2,4) = BIT_XOR(2,15)
—
— If the length of the array represented by ‘length’
— contains fewer binary positions than the array
— represented by ‘param1’, the NOT will be performed
— against an array of the same length as ‘param1’
— Example:
—
— length = 2
— array = 11 (3)
— param1 = 8 (0001)
— BIT_NOT(8,2) = BIT_XOR(8,15)
—
FUNCTION BIT_NOT
( param1 IN NUMBER,
length IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER DETERMINISTIC;
— This function determines whether ‘param’ is an exponent of 2
— It retuns ‘Y’ if a single bit is set in the number,
— ‘N’ if more than one bit.
— Example:
—
— IS_BIT(4) (Y)
— IS_BIT(6) (N)
FUNCTION IS_BIT
( param IN NUMBER)
RETURN CHAR DETERMINISTIC;
— This function determines whether the bit ‘mask’ is set in
— the number ‘bitarray’
— If the bit is set, ‘Y’ is returned. If not, ‘N’ is returned.
— Example:
—
— 10 = 0101
— IS_MASKED(10,2) (Y)
— IS_MASKED(10,4) (N)
FUNCTION IS_MASKED
( bitarray IN NUMBER,
mask IN NUMBER )
RETURN CHAR DETERMINISTIC;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY bitwise
IS
FUNCTION BIT_AND
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN BITAND(param1,param2);
END BIT_AND;FUNCTION BIT_OR
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN ((param1 + param2) – BITAND(param1,param2));
END BIT_OR;
FUNCTION BIT_XOR
( param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN ((param1 + param2) – (2 * BITAND(param1,param2)));
END BIT_XOR;
FUNCTION BIT_NOT
( param1 IN NUMBER,
length IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
cur_len NUMBER;
i NUMBER;
param2 NUMBER;
ret_val NUMBER;
BEGIN
param2 := 0;
cur_len := length – 1;
i := 0;
WHILE cur_len > -1 LOOP
param2 := param2 + POWER(2,cur_len);
cur_len := cur_len – 1;
END LOOP;
WHILE param2 < param1 LOOP param2 := param2 + POWER(2,length + i); i := i + 1; END LOOP; RETURN ((param1 + param2) - (2 * BITAND(param1,param2))); END BIT_NOT; FUNCTION TURN_BITS_ON ( bitarray IN NUMBER, mask IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS BEGIN RETURN BITWISE.bit_or(bitarray,mask); END TURN_BITS_ON; FUNCTION TURN_BITS_OFF ( bitarray IN NUMBER, mask IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS BEGIN RETURN BITWISE.bit_xor( BITWISE.TURN_BITS_ON(bitarray,mask), -- Same as bit_or mask ); END TURN_BITS_OFF; FUNCTION IS_BIT ( param IN NUMBER) RETURN CHAR IS cur_val NUMBER; test_val NUMBER; loop_ct NUMBER; ret_val CHAR; BEGIN cur_val := ABS(param); IF cur_val = 1 OR cur_val = 0 THEN RETURN 'Y'; END IF; IF BITWISE.is_masked(cur_val,1)='Y' THEN RETURN 'N'; END IF; -- cur_val is a positive multiple of 2. loop_ct := 0; test_val := 0; WHILE test_val <= cur_val LOOP test_val := POWER(2,loop_ct); loop_ct := loop_ct + 1; IF test_val = cur_val THEN RETURN 'Y'; END IF; END LOOP; RETURN 'N'; RETURN ret_val; END IS_BIT; FUNCTION IS_MASKED ( bitarray IN NUMBER, mask IN NUMBER ) RETURN CHAR IS ret_val CHAR; BEGIN IF BITAND(mask,bitarray) = mask THEN ret_val := 'Y'; ELSE ret_val := 'N'; END IF; RETURN ret_val; END IS_MASKED; END; /
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